Analyses
Below are brief descriptions of analyses that shed light on health disparities, with URLs, grouped into the following categories:
- Vulnerable or Disadvantaged Populations
- Geographic Region
- Healthcare Systems
- Risk Factors and Surveillance
- Diseases and Conditions
- Disease Burden
- Economic Factors
- Context/Cross Cutting
Vulnerable or Disadvantaged Populations
- Health Disparities in Appalachia
measures population health in Appalachia and documents disparities between the Region and the nation as a whole, disparities within the Appalachian Region, and identifies “Bright Spots,” or communities that exhibit better-than-expected health outcomes given their resources. The full (404 page) report and select sections can be accessed here. - Photo Identification Barriers Faced by Homeless Persons: The Impact of September 11
The survey revealed that the lack of photo identification has become a tremendous problem for people who are homeless in a post-September 11 climate. People without photo identification have difficulty accessing the critical services and benefits that help move people out of poverty. - Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health
Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health is a Project of the Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative.
Geographic Region
- US Health Map
With this interactive map, you can explore health trends in the United States at the county level for both sexes for: 29 cancers, 21 major causes of death, life expectancy, smoking, obesity, physical activity, alcohol use, hypertension, and diabetes.
Healthcare Systems
- AHRQ Healthcare disparities and quality reports Data Query tool
AHRQ Healthcare disparities and quality reports Data Query tool provides access to all data tables. - Review of data sets useful for evaluating the national Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program
Review of data sets useful for evaluating the national Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, by Dalzell LP1, Tangka FK, Powers DS, O'Hara BJ, Holmes W, Joseph K, Royalty J., Cancer Causes Control. 2015 May;26(5):699-709, provides data sources for identifying low-income, uninsured populations.
Risk Factors and Surveillance
- Tobacco-related disparities
Although cigarette smoking has declined significantly since 1964, disparities in tobacco use remain across groups defined by race, ethnicity, educational level, and socioeconomic status and across regions of the country. - Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2011-2016
Ahmed Jamal; Andrea Gentzke; S. Sean Hu; Karen A. Cullen; Benjamin J. Apelberg; David M. Homa; Brian A. King, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report June 16, 2017.
Diseases and Conditions
- Surveillance for cancer incidence and mortality - United States, 2013
by Simple D. Singh, S. Jane Henley, A. Blythe Ryerson MMWR, January 27, 2017 (Surveillance Summaries, vol 66 #4). - Heart Disease Disparities Report
Building on its 2014 Regional Environmental Scan, the Heartland Regional Health Equity Council (Region VII) released an Addendum: Heart Disease Disparities Report, April 2016. The Heartland RHEC established heart disease as a priority area for 2015 because it is one of the leading causes of death for minority populations in the region, which comprises Iowa, Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. The addendum provides an overview of demographics and heart disease disparities in these four states. It also identifies national and state initiatives promoting heart disease in Region VII, as well as provides readers next steps that can be taken to assist in combating heart disease. - Is Heart Disease or Cancer the Leading Cause of Death in United States Women?
Pathak, EB. Is Heart Disease or Cancer the Leading Cause of Death in United States Women? Women's Health Issues 2016. Although heart disease remains the leading cause of death among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks, cancer is the leading cause for all other U.S. women and premature death rates for cancer far exceed the rates for heart disease in all groups. Non-Hispanic Black women continue to suffer the highest rates premature death rates (< age 65) for both cancer and heart disease. - Trends and Patterns of Disparities in Cancer Mortality Among US Counties
1980-2014 by Ali H. Mokdad, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Christina Fitzmaurice, Rebecca W. Stubbs, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Chloe Morozoff, Raghid Charara, Christine Allen, Mohsen Naghavi, Christopher J. L. Murray, JAMA.2017;317(4):388-406.
Disease Burden
- Deaths: Leading Causes for 2014
by Melonie Heron, Ph.D., Division of Vital Statistics, CDC, National Vital Statistics Reports, Volu me 65, Number 5, June 30, 2016. - Trends in premature mortality in the USA by sex, race, and ethnicity from 1999 to 2014
Trends in premature mortality in the USA by sex, race, and ethnicity from 1999 to 2014: an analysis of death certificate data by Shiels MS, Chernyavskiy P, Anderson WF, et al., The Lancet. Online January 25, 2017. Study finds death rates among 25-49 year olds in the US increased among whites and American Indian/Alaska Natives and declined among Hispanics, Blacks, and Asian/Pacific Islanders. - Measures of burden of disease
Measures of disease burden commonly used in epidemiological research are considered elsewhere in these notes, along with population attributable risks and the challenge of choosing suitable comparison groups in public health. - The global burden of disease
The welcome decline in mortality from communicable and maternal causes has corresponded with a rise in deaths from non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle and old age and this website shows that information. - Global Burden of Disease (GBD)
First-ever global study finds massive health care inequity. - US and Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment
of 84 behavioral, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet. 2017 September 16; 390:1345-1422.
Economic Factors
- Financial toxicity (article)
Financial toxicity: 1 in 3 cancer patients have to turn to friends or family to pay for care. - Financial Toxicity and Cancer Treatment (PDQ)-Health Professional Version
A number of studies demonstrate that individuals with cancer are at higher risk of experiencing financial difficulty than are individuals without cancer. This website reviews the extant literature on financial toxicity among American cancer patients and survivors.
Context/Cross Cutting
- Missing Voters Project: United States 2016
Missing voters were last seen in all 50 states and the District of Columbia on the morning of November 8, 2016. These civilian, non-military, non-institutionalized adults were aged 18 years or older at the time of the election. (Women’s Institute for Independent Social Enquiry [WiiSE])